Poison Management – Page 12

IMIDAZOLINONE HERBICIDES

October 31, 2017December 19, 2025 - by Poison Sense

Toxicology Imazaquin, imazamethabenz-methyl, imazapyr, Imazapic, imazethapyr, and imazamox belong to a class of synthetic compounds called imidazolinone herbicides with a carboxylic acid group attached to the backbone Imidazolinones show low toxicity …

PHENYLPYRAZOLE

October 31, 2017June 8, 2023 - by Poison Sense

Toxicology • Inhibits the passage of chloride ions through GABA-gated chloride channels, resulting in neuronal hyper-excitability (Roberts and Reigart, 2013). • It’s rapidly absorbed from the GIT and the rapidly …

ARYLOXYPHENOXY COMPOUNDS

October 31, 2017October 28, 2025 - by Poison Sense

Toxicology Aryloxyphenoxypropionates, a subfamily of the aromatic carboxylic acid family (including 2,4-D, dicamba)(Herbicides, 1997). Absorption of aryloxyphenoxypropionates (ArOPPs) are very rapid in animals by oral route Animals rapidly de-esterify ester …

Acute Toxic Agents / Chemical Class / Specific Management

ORGANOPHOSPHATES

October 31, 2017October 1, 2026 - by Poison Sense

Toxicology Based on the substituent attached to the phosphorus via a double bond, organophosphorus compounds (OPs) can be divided into phosphates (P=O) or phosphorothioates (P=S) (Costa GL 2008) Most OPs …

TRIAZOLINONE

October 31, 2017June 8, 2023 - by Poison Sense

Toxicology • The technical grade Amicarbazone (active ingredient only) exhibits low acute toxici profile of LD50 (Males) = 1300 mg/kg and LD 50 (Females) = 1015 mg/kg (California Environmental Protection …

ALKYLPHENOLS

October 31, 2017June 8, 2023 - by Poison Sense

Toxicology • Alkylphenol ethoxylates are non-ionic surfactants (Warhurst AM, 1995) • Alkylphenols includes nonylphenol (most predominant) and octylphenol (Warhurst AM, 1995; Kayama et al., 2003) • Alkylphenol ethoxylates are biodegraded …

HYPOCHLORITE

October 31, 2017January 29, 2026 - by Poison Sense

Toxicology Calcium hypochlorite is generally available as a white powder, pellets, or flat plates. It decomposes readily in water or when heated, releasing oxygen and chlorine (ATSDR, 2014) Sodium hypochlorite …

INORGANIC PHOSPHIDES

October 31, 2017May 21, 2025 - by Poison Sense

Toxicology The most common cause of severe toxicity with inorganic phosphides in humans are due to ingestion of aluminium phosphide (ALP) and Zinc phosphide. Inhalational and absorption through eyes, skin …

THIOUREA

October 31, 2017June 8, 2023 - by Poison Sense

Toxicology • Thiourea insecticides include chloromethiuron and Diafenthiuron • Diafenthiuron comps indicate low toxicity following single doses of the undiluted product (Oral LD50 = 1950 mg/kg; Dermal LD50 = >4000 …

Fluoroquinolone Toxicity

October 31, 2017March 10, 2026 - by Poison Sense

Toxicology The most severe adverse effects of fluoroquinolones (FQs) include toxicities of the gastrointestinal tract, central nervous system, cardiovascular system, and musculoskeletal system. The commonest adverse events are gastrointestinal tract …