SULFONYLUREA
Toxicology • These herbicides are generally only slightly toxic to freshwater fish and invertebrates, and practically nontoxic to wildfowl and other mammals (Kegley et al, 2014) • Sulfonylureas inhibit the …
Read MoreAcute Toxic Agents
These are toxicants that cause severe to moderately severe adverse effects on single exposure. The effects are oftentimes seen within hrs or few days after exposure.
DIACYLHYDRAZINES
Toxicology • Tebufenozide Technical is reportedly practically non-toxic by ingestion of a single oral dose in rats and mice (LD50 > 5,000 mg/kg and was practically non-toxic by dermal application …
Read MoreTRIAZINE HERBICIDES
Toxicology Members of this family include atrazine, hexazinone, metribuzin, prometon, prometryn and simazine. Amitrole, is a triazine herbicide thas is reportedly goitrogenic in a number of animal species. Amitrole reduces thyroid …
Read MoreCHLOROACETANILIDE HERBICIDES
Toxicology The commonly used herbicides are alachlor, acetochlor, butachlor, metolachlor, and propachlor. This class of herbicides is slightly hazardous, except butachlor, which is not likely to pose any hazard. Chloroacetanilides …
Read MoreBETA-2 RECEPTOR AGONISTS
Toxicology Beta-2 adrenergic agonists includes Bitolterol, Formoterol, Metaproterenol, Pirbuterol, Salbutamol (Albuterol), Salmeterol, Terbutaline among others • beta-2receptor agonists causes increased heart rate in sinoatrial node (SA node) in addition to …
Read MoreBENZONITRILE HERBICIDES
Toxicology • Some nitriles such as Bromoxynil Octanoate are moderately acutely toxic (Oral LD50, 50-500 mg/kg) (Kegley et al 2014). • The principal toxic action of the benzonitriles eg Bromoxynil …
Read MoreCHLOROPHENOXY COMPOUNDS
Toxicology Chlorophenoxy herbicides contain an aliphatic carboxylic acid moiety attached to a chlorine-or-methyl-substituted aromatic ring. Representative compounds of this class include 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid; 2, 4-dichlorophenoxy propionic acid; 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy acetic …
Read MoreCOPPER SALTS & ORGANIC COMPLEXES
Toxicology • Copper sulphate is a powerful oxidizing agent and a corrosive acid to mucous membranes (Saravu et al 2007). • The soluble copper salts such as CuSO4 show limited …
Read MoreSnakebite Envenomation & Management
Toxicology The composition of snake venom from a single species of venomous snake can consist of up to 100 different toxic elements, including enzymes (constituting 80-90% of viperid; 25-70% of …
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