Acute Toxic Agents
These are toxicants that cause severe to moderately severe adverse effects on single exposure. The effects are oftentimes seen within hrs or few days after exposure.
Nicosulfuron
Nicosulfuron is a sulfonylurea herbicide that inhibits acetolactate synthase (ALS), an enzyme essential for branched‑chain amino acid synthesis in plants. Since ALS is also found in certain microorganisms, the compound …
Read MorePretilachlor
Pretilachlor is a synthetic chloroacetanilide herbicide widely applied in rice and paddy cultivation to control annual grasses, sedges, broad‑leaved weeds, and floating aquatic plants. It belongs to the chloroacetanilide class …
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Penoxsulam is a triazolopyrimidine sulfonamide herbicide widely used for weed control in rice crops and aquatic environments. It acts by inhibiting acetolactate synthase (ALS) in plants, but mammals lack this …
Read MoreCyhalofop-butyl
Cyhalofop‑butyl is an aryloxyphenoxypropionate herbicide, widely applied post‑emergence in agriculture for weed control in rice and aquatic environments. Its primary mode of action is inhibition of acetyl‑CoA carboxylase, a key …
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