Beta blockers for hypertension
There are three subtypes of β-adrenergic receptors (β1, β2 and β3) that mediate a wide range of physiological responses to the adrenergic agonists adrenaline and noradrenaline. These receptors are the …
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Management of Nifedipine and other Calcium Channel Blocker Overdose
Background Calcium channel blockers (CCBs) are commonly used in Kenya in the management of hypertension and other cardio/cerebrovascular diseases. Their wide availability makes them a common agent in drug …
Read MoreAdverse Effects of Tetracyclines
Tetracycline group of drugs include tetracycline, chlortetracycline, methacycline, demeclocycline, doxycycline, lymecycline, minocycline and oxytetracycline. All of them are bacteriostatic drugs with a similar spectrum of activity. Currently, one of the …
Read MoreErythromycin and Congeners: A Toxicologist’s Perspective.
Erythromycin and its congeners including erythromycin, azithromycin and clarithromycin belong to the antibiotic class called macrolides. Macrolide antibiotics are among the most commonly prescribed antibiotics worldwide and are used for …
Read MoreSnakebite Envenoming: Fast facts
Snakebite envenoming is the disease that result when a snake injects poisonous venom, in sufficient amounts, following a bite. The snake bite prevalence in poor countries is dire relative to …
Read MoreAdverse Effects of Insulin Therapy
Hypoglycemia Hypoglycemia is a condition caused by a very low level of blood sugar (glucose), your body’s main energy source. It is the most serious adverse effect of insulin …
Read MoreInorganic Phosphide Rodenticides Are Not Superwarfarin-Anticoagulants
Aluminium, magnesium and zinc phosphide are highly toxic inorganic phosphides commonly used in rodenticides, insecticides and fumigants by agricultural communities. Because of their low unit cost, they are widely used pesticides. …
Read MoreCarcinogens and How They Cause Cancer
Carcinogens do not cause cancer at all times, under all circumstances. In other words, a carcinogen does not always cause cancer in every person, every time there is any kind …
Read MoreWhy Dopamine antagonists are unsafe anti-emetics in poison-induced acute kidney failure
Nausea and vomiting are feared and frequently very distressing symptoms that have multiple triggers including drugs and poisons, motion, pregnancy, anxiety, vestibular disease, and gastrointestinal pathology. Three primary pathophysiologic pathways …
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