Hypotension/Bradycardia in Poisoning

Hypotension is systolic blood pressure less than 90 mm Hg in adults (with normal parameters adjusted in children depending on age and weight).
Bradycardia is a heart rate lower than 60/minute. Common toxic agents that cause bradycardia include betablockers, calcium-channel blockers (CCBs), digoxin and acetylcholine receptor antagonists such as organophosphates and carbamates, amitraz intoxication (Ministry of Health of Singapore, 2011).
It results from toxicological alterations of one or more of the following:
decrease cardiac contractility;
decrease in peripheral vasculature resistance;
decrease in intravascular volume;
or depression of the central nervous system.
Blood pressure is normally maintained through a . . .

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