Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, also known as co-trimoxazole, is an antimicrobial used to treat and prevent many bacterial infections.
Trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole inhibit bacterial synthesis of tetrahydrofolic acid, the physiologically active form of folic acid and a necessary cofactor in the synthesis of thymidine, purines, and bacterial DNA
Sulfamethoxazole is a structural analogue of para-aminobenzoic acid and inhibits synthesis of the intermediary dihydrofolic acid from its precursors. Trimethoprim is a structural analogue of the pteridine portion of dihydrofolic acid that competitively inhibits dihydrofolate reductase and, consequently, the production of tetrahydrofolic acid from dihydrofolic acid. This sequential blockade of 2 enzymes . . .
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