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- The route of elimination of xenobiotics is determined by their physicochemical properties (lipophilicity, polarity, molecular size), extent of metabolism, and the physiological capacity of excretory organs such as the liver, kidneys, lungs, and skin. In practice, water-soluble metabolites are eliminated via urine or bile, while volatile or gaseous metabolites are eliminated via the breath
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Organ Function and Physiology
- Kidneys: Primary route for polar, ionized, and small molecules.
- Liver/Biliary system: Handles large, conjugated . . .
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