Dicamba is a chlorinated benzoic acid derivative, a selective systemic herbicide. It has a similar structure and mode of action to phenoxy herbicides.
While dicamba exists as either the acid or as one of several salts, data indicate that dicamba salts are rapidly converted to the free acid. In addition, evidence points to similar toxicity of the acid and salts (based on acid equivalents) (United States Environmental Protection Agency [EPA], 2016).
Dicamba is toxic in mammals through different mechanisms, including cell membrane damage, uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation, and disruption of acetyl coenzyme A metabolism (Repetti, 2024).
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