A report on envenomations by terrestrial animals in Brazil found that bee stings had the second-highest case fatality rate (0.33% deaths), with only snakebites exceeding them (0.43% deaths) (Pucca et al., 2019). A similar or worse-case scenario likely exists in Kenya.
Therefore, it is important to develop treatment protocols that are affordable, efficacious, and safe for severe envenomings.
The bee sting apparatus exhibits three functionally distinct parts: the motor part, the piercing part, and the venom-related part. In the piercing part, tetrahedron-shaped barbs reduce penetration force and make it almost impossible for the bee . . .
Please Subscribe to continue reading
